Cattle farming plays a vital role in the rural economy of India. Recognizing its importance, the Government of India has launched several schemes aimed at improving cattle health, breed quality, productivity, and the livelihood of livestock farmers. Below is a structured overview of key schemes currently in operation:
1. Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM)
Ministry: Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying
Objective:
- To conserve and develop indigenous breeds of cattle in a scientific and holistic manner.
- Enhance productivity of native breeds to increase farmers’ income.
Key Features:
- Establishment of Gokul Grams (cattle care centres).
- Breed improvement via selective breeding and use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART).
- Promotion of e-market platforms for indigenous breed semen.
2. National Artificial Insemination Programme (NAIP)
Objective:
- To provide free doorstep delivery of Artificial Insemination (AI) services to farmers across India.
- Enhance conception rates and genetic improvement in livestock.
Key Features:
- Use of high-quality frozen semen.
- Mobile AI technicians with cold chain logistics.
- Breed data digitization for future planning.
3. Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme (DEDS)
Operated by: NABARD
Objective:
- Promote self-employment in the dairy sector.
- Provide financial assistance for setting up modern dairy units and related infrastructure.
Subsidy Details:
- 25% of the project cost (33.33% for SC/ST beneficiaries).
- Support includes cow/buffalo purchase, milk processing, cold storage, and vet services.
4. National Livestock Mission (NLM)
Objective:
- Holistic development of the livestock sector.
- Focus on sustainable feed, fodder development, and livestock productivity.
Components:
- Breed development of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, and poultry.
- Skill development and extension services for farmers.
- Entrepreneurship development with 50–75% capital subsidy for eligible components.
5. Livestock Health & Disease Control Scheme (LH&DC)
Objective:
- Prevention, control, and eradication of major animal diseases.
- Ensure animal health for improving livestock productivity.
Key Components:
- Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) control.
- Brucellosis and PPR vaccination.
- Support for diagnostic labs and veterinary infrastructure.
6. Kamdhenu Yojana (State-specific)
Some states have introduced Kamdhenu schemes to encourage commercial cattle farming. These schemes provide:
- Subsidies for high-yield cattle breeds.
- Assistance for fodder cultivation.
- Low-interest loans for dairy units.
7. Fodder and Feed Development Schemes
Objective:
- Ensure round-the-year supply of quality fodder.
- Reduce feed cost and increase milk productivity.
Support Includes:
- Seed mini-kits distribution.
- Establishment of fodder block making units.
- Silage production and preservation methods.
Conclusion
The Indian government, through these schemes, has created a comprehensive support structure for cattle farmers, combining financial aid, veterinary support, breed improvement, and entrepreneurship promotion. Livestock farmers are encouraged to engage with local veterinary departments or animal husbandry offices to avail the benefits under these schemes.